Category_Uutiset · hevoset · karkearehu · rehunkäyttö · rehut · ruokintasuunnitelma · ruuansulatus ·Oct 29, 2024

Horse Feeding - Grain or Not?

Horse nutrition and feed have evolved significantly over the decades, and the role of grain in horse feeding plans has sparked much debate. Does a modern horse need grain? While grains, especially oats, have traditionally been a mainstay of horse nutrition, increased understanding of the horse's digestive system and health has led to the rise in popularity of industrial feeds. But which grains are beneficial, when should they be used, and why has the feed industry shifted towards industrial alternatives?

Are grains beneficial?

When used correctly, grains can be a useful part of a horse's diet, but of course not all horses need them. The horse's digestive system is designed primarily to process high-fiber foods such as hay and pasture grass. These provide slow-release energy that matches the horse's natural grazing behavior. Grains, on the other hand, contain more carbohydrates and sugars, which provide “quick” energy. This is beneficial for performance horses, such as racehorses or trotters, who require more energy during their performance. However, feeding grains comes with its own risks, as they can upset the delicate balance of a horse’s digestive system if given in excess. Oats or black oats are traditionally preferred as horse feed due to their digestibility. Oats are high in fiber compared to other grains, making them easier for the horse to digest without overloading the digestive system. Oats provide quick energy, making them suitable for active horses. Barley, on the other hand, is more energy dense than oats and contains less fiber, so it is usually used for horses that do not need as many calories. It is not as easily digestible as oats, so its use should be introduced gradually. Bran, especially wheat bran, is high in fiber and can be a useful supplement, especially for horses that need extra fiber. However, bran pulp has a poor calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, so it should be given judiciously to avoid nutrient imbalances. Corn is a rarer feed grain in Finland and is very high in energy. However, due to its high starch content, it is challenging for the digestive system. Corn should generally be used judiciously and as part of a balanced diet.

When should you use cereals?

However, the best diet for a horse is primarily based on roughage, i.e. hay, and grains or industrial feeds should only be added when necessary to support energy needs or special needs. Grains may be suitable for horses with higher energy needs. Horses that are involved in competitive sports, work hard, or are otherwise physically active may benefit from grain as a source of energy. Similarly, horses that need to gain weight can benefit from small amounts of grain. In extreme cold, additional grain can help provide energy to keep the horse warm. However, grain is generally not needed for horses with low activity levels, such as companion horses, ponies, or seniors with special dietary needs.

Why are industrial feeds popular?

The rise in popularity of industrial feeds reflects the trend towards more balanced, scientifically designed feeding. Industrial feeds are often designed to contain a balanced mix of essential vitamins, minerals and other nutrients that may not be available from grains alone. They are typically more nutritionally complete and ensure that the horse gets everything it needs without the added sugar and starch. Many industrial feeds are designed to be low in non-structural carbohydrates, which reduces the risk of digestive problems and metabolic diseases. These feeds are often enriched with fiber and fat, which provides energy without the risk to the gut. Industrial feeds offer consistency and stable nutritional content, which can vary in natural grains. They are also easier to store and portion, making feeding simpler. Today's industrial feeds offer specialty feeds for different life stages, activity levels and health needs. There are low-starch feeds for horses with metabolic problems, high-fat feeds for performance horses, and feeds for older horses with easily digestible ingredients. While grains such as oats, barley and corn can be beneficial for certain types of horses, they are not necessary for all. They should be fed in moderation. Industrial feeds offer a balanced option that takes the guesswork out of feeding and makes it easier to address specific needs. The shift from traditional grains to industrial feed alternatives is mainly due to a wider awareness of the welfare needs of horses and the desire to use more nutritionally balanced, reliable and convenient alternatives. Discover all of Biohansa's feed products via this link . Remember to subscribe to our newsletter and follow us on social media to receive information about new products and current topics directly to your email. Also give us feedback on what topics you would like to read about on Biohansa's blog!

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Are grains beneficial?

When should you use cereals?

Why are industrial feeds popular?